l Person who become candidate taking as well responsibility of the failure, voters know whom to blame, in the party-oriented system the responsibility is divided so there is no responsibility; as well it is easier to promote person then issue; l observing the current campaign I am having learn to speak russianthe impression that Americans are not that much interested in issues, so in order to meet voters expectations campaigns started focusing more on candidates. I think all those factors I have mentioned above played some role, but almost all those factors appeared as well in many European countries and we still have party-centered system there. I am asking myself where is a difference and why really this system changed. For me main reason why we can observe the candidate-oriented system is the political system in United States. There is this simple relationship between amount of power the head of the country is holding and his/her presence (visibility) during elections. So in the parliamentary (democratic) systems where the whole government is sharing power and president (or king/queen) have just representative functions elections are totally party-centered, in semi-presidential systems we can observe in the direct presidential elections some elements from candidate-centered system, but still because his/her power is not so strong system still became party-oriented. There is just one country in the world with pure presidential system and it is United States of America.